Adult Cell Expansion Without Stem Cells? Nov 17, 2009
The team led by Michael Sieweke at the Centre d'immunologie de Marseille Luminy (Universit; Aix-Marseille 2 / CNRS / INSERM) has shown that this is the case by achieving the ex vivo regeneration of macrophages, specialized cells in the immune system, over several months ... Scientists at the Centre d'immunologie de Marseille Luminy (Universit; Aix-Marseille 2 / CNRS / INSERM) have studied a specific cell type: the macrophages(1) ... g. brain neurons, muscle cells, macrophages for the immune... (Science Daily)
Supplements to Strengthen the Immun... Nov 3, 2009
According to naturopathic doctor, Mary Bove in her book, An Encyclopedia of Natural Healing for Children and Infants (Keats Publishing Inc., 1996), vitamin C also, stimulates macrophage activity to eat up invading microorganisms and encourage antibody response and T killer-cell production. Ester C can be used to flush the system in the case of influenza or other infection. (Suite101.com)
Depressed Pregnant Women Could Be At Higher Risk For Severe Response To Flu Infection Oct 29, 2009
The scientists analyzed the post-vaccination blood samples for the presence of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, or MIF, a protein that promotes inflammation by suppressing other substances in the blood that fight inflammation. A week after receiving the flu shots, the women with the highest scores on the depression scale had about twice as much MIF in their blood as did women reporting minimal symptoms. (Science Daily)
Tips from the journals of the American Society for Microbiology Oct 24, 2009
Alveolar macrophages are part of the lungs' innate defense system and they play an essential role in the clearance of bacterial infections. Prior associations between cigarette smoke and respiratory infections caused by NTHI have been established and now researchers are hypothesizing that cigarette smoke may disrupt the capability of alveolar macrophages to clear NTHI from the lungs ... In the study researchers first examined the interaction between NTHI and alveolar macrophages and found that... (EurekAlert!)
Major discovery opens door to leishmania treatment Oct 7, 2009
The parasites enter the bloodstream and are ingested by macrophage white blood cells where they block immune function and multiply, spreading to other tissues in the body ... The researchers discovered that a metalloprotease a molecule called GP63 found on the surface of the parasite, plays a role in neutralizing the macrophage's defences ... "Our results demonstrate the mechanism through which the GP63 protease alters the function of the macrophages by activating its own negative... (EurekAlert!)
Potential Key To Curing Tuberculosis Oct 5, 2009
When most infections are introduced into humans, the body defends itself with certain cells -- called macrophage cells -- that kill the invading micro-organisms. The macrophage cells engulf and destroy these microbes, such as the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ... Peters found that the Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces a defensive molecule that prevents the macrophage cells from destroying them. (Science Daily)
To Regenerate Muscle, Cellular Garbage Men Must Become Builders Sep 24, 2009
Their findings, published online this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), provide conclusive proof that, when a muscle is injured, white blood cells called macrophages play a crucial role in its regeneration ... Normally, macrophages the white blood cells known for engulfing and eliminating bacteria and other infectious agents are drawn to areas of injury ... After clearing up the debris, macrophages stop releasing those pro-inflammatory factors, and start... (Science Daily)
Can Arthritis And Osteoporosis Be Reversed? Sep 22, 2009
22, 2005) New research published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that very early rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by a distinct profile of T cell, macrophage and stromal cell related cytokines. (June 29, 2009) A signal molecule made by the human body that triggers the immune system into action may be important in rheumatoid arthritis, according to new research. (Science Daily)
How To Improve Vaccines To Trigger T Cell As Well As Antibody Response Sep 19, 2009
Listeria bacteria, for example, enter macrophage cells by luring these cells to engulf them. Once inside the phagosome, or stomach, of the macrophage, the bacteria secrete proteins that punch holes in the phagosome that allow the bacteria to spread throughout the guts of the cell, the cytosol. (Science Daily)
From Fat To Chronic Inflammation Sep 3, 2009
The protein starts an inflammatory cascade, causing blood vessels to remodel and attracting immune cells called macrophages ... One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. (Science Daily)
Molecular Link Found Between Insulin Resistance And Inflammation Aug 28, 2009
In the current paper, the researchers found in cultured cells and mouse experiments that Fox01 stimulates inflammatory white blood cells called macrophages, which migrate to the liver and adipose, or fat, tissue in insulin-resistant states, to increase production of a cytokine called interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B) ... "The findings suggest that when there is a lack of insulin or when cells such as macrophages are resistant to its presence, there are no brakes on Fox01's stimulation of IL-1B and its... (Science Daily)
Low Vitamin D Inhibits Cholesterol Processing in Diabetics Aug 25, 2009
"Vitamin D inhibits the uptake of cholesterol by cells called macrophages," says principal investigator Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi, M.D., a Washington University endocrinologist at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. "When people are deficient in vitamin D, the macrophage cells eat more cholesterol, and they can't get rid of it. The macrophages get clogged with cholesterol and become what scientists call foam cells, which are one of the earliest markers of atherosclerosis." ... Macrophages are dispatched by the... (Newsmax)
Parasites Persuade Immune Cells To Invite Them In For Dinner Aug 24, 2009
Today's research, which was funded by the Wellcome Trust, shows that the gel persuades immune cells known as macrophages to feed the parasites, rather than killing them ... Today's study shows that the gel's work doesn't stop there - it also helps the parasites to establish an infection by enticing macrophages to the bite site ... Macrophages usually kill invading pathogens by eating and digesting them. (Science Daily)
Progesterone Leads To Inflammation, Scientists Find Aug 22, 2009
One type of white blood cell which moves to the breast during inflammation is a macrophage. Macrophages normally enter growing glands and help them develop, building blood vessels and reshaping growing tissue ... Macrophages also may promote the development of tumors, such as breast cancer, as they make blood vessels to deliver nutrients and can clear the way for tumors to grow, Haslam said. (Science Daily)
Scarring Is Key To Link Between Obesity And Diabetes, Study Finds Aug 17, 2009
One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. (June 22, 2008) Obesity and type 2 diabetes are inextricably linked, but biochemist and geneticist Ling Qi is working to break that connection. (Science Daily)
Einstein researchers identify potential target for metastatic cancer Aug 11, 2009
Macrophages (green) are shown attaching to a metastatic tumor cell (blue) in the lung -- a process that promotes metastatic growth. August 10, 2009 - (BRONX, NY) - The deadliest part of the cancer process, metastasis, appears to rely on help from macrophages, potent immune system cells that usually defend vigorously against disease, researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University report ... D., and seven colleagues analyzed the movement of breast cancer cells in mice to... (EurekAlert!)
'Protective' Cells May Actually Promote Cancer Aug 11, 2009
Metastatic Cancer And Macrophages: Cells Thought To Protect Against Cancer May Actually Promote It ... Metastatic Cancer And Macrophages: Cells Thought To Protect Against Cancer May Actually Promote It ... 10, 2009) The deadliest part of the cancer process, metastasis, appears to rely on help from macrophages, potent immune system cells that usually defend vigorously against disease, researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University report. (Science Daily)
Scientists Discover Bladder Cancer Stem Cell Aug 5, 2009
His laboratory recently published two studies in the journal Cell showing that human leukemia stem cells use the same protective molecular signature on their surface to evade cells called macrophages that engulf and destroy sick or cancerous cells ... He knew from previous research in Weissman's lab that CD47 works to prevent leukemia cells from being engulfed by macrophages by binding to a molecule on the surface of the macrophage ... Blocking this interaction with an antibody specific for CD47... (Science Daily)
Common Allergy Drug Reduces Obesity And Diabetes In Mice Jul 29, 2009
Fat tissue from obese and insulin-resistant mice and people is marked by a dramatic absence of this cell type, in dramatic contrast to an already reported overabundance in fat tissue of inflammatory immune cells called macrophages ... Their numbers were inversely correlated with the numbers of a class of inflammatory immune cells, macrophages, in a sense creating parallel universes of fat ... While obese and diabetic fat tissue was full of inflammatory macrophages and nearly absent of Tregs,... (Science Daily)
Stripping Leukemia-initiating Cells Of Their 'Invisibility Cloak' Jul 28, 2009
The key is targeting a protein on the surface of those cells that sends a "don't eat me" signal to the macrophage immune cells that serve as a first line of defense, according to the reports in the July 24th issue of the journal Cell ... In essence, says Irving Weissman of Stanford University, that signal sent by a cell-surface protein known as CD47 "is an invisibility cloak for leukemia stem cells." Safe from the macrophages whose job it is to clear pathogens and damaged or aging cells from the... (Science Daily)
How Stressed Fat Tissue Malfunctions Jul 23, 2009
Bluher et al. Activated Ask1-MKK4-p38MAPK/JNK Stress Signaling Pathway in Human Omental Fat Tissue May Link Macrophage Infiltration to Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2009; 94 (7): 2507 DOI. (Science Daily)
New Culprit Behind Obesity's Ill Metabolic Consequences Jul 16, 2009
One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. . (Science Daily)
One Secret To How TB Sticks With You Jul 14, 2009
To do so, the mycobacterium responsible must resist an arsenal of DNA-damaging mutagens produced within the macrophage, the immune cell in which it lives. "It's incompletely understood how it can do that. We've identified one such mechanism.". (Science Daily)
New Trigger For Chronic Inflammation In Rheumatoid Arthritis Discovered Jun 30, 2009
The researchers took human immune cells called macrophages and cells called fibroblasts from the swollen joint of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and added tenascin-C. After the tenascin-C was added, the cells produced more molecules that cause inflammation ... 22, 2005) New research published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that very early rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by a distinct profile of T cell, macrophage and stromal cell related cytokines. (Science Daily)
Unique Portion Of Enzyme Fights Lung Infection Jun 27, 2009
Lead author A. McGarry Houghton, M.D., assistant professor, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pitt School of Medicine, said that prior to this discovery scientists thought that the enzyme, called macrophage elastase, matrix metalloproteinase-12 or MMP-12, which is produced in excess in smokers, didn't do anything but degrade the lung's elastic fibers, thereby contributing to the tissue destruction of emphysema ... MMP-12 is stored in macrophages, the cells that swallow... (Science Daily)
Exercise Improves Functional And Psychological Ability And Reduces Steroid Need In Rheumatoid Arthritis Jun 24, 2009
22, 2005) New research published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that very early rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by a distinct profile of T cell, macrophage and stromal cell related cytokines. (May 13, 2008) Women who breast feed for longer have a smaller chance of getting rheumatoid arthritis, suggests a new study. (Science Daily)
How Obesity Increases The Risk For Diabetes Jun 22, 2009
One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. (July 9, 2008) Women who have risk factors commonly associated with type 2 diabetes also have much greater odds of being diagnosed with an advanced breast cancer, according to new. (Science Daily)
New Treatment Strategy Offers Hope To Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Who Failed All Other Therapies Jun 19, 2009
22, 2005) New research published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that very early rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by a distinct profile of T cell, macrophage and stromal cell related cytokines. . (Science Daily)
Salmonella's Sweet Tooth Predicts Its Downfall May 25, 2009
Glucose and glycolysis are required for the successful infection of macrophages and mice by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ... Salmonella, coloured green, inside macrophage cells. (Science Daily)
Oral Delivery System For RNAi Therapeutics May 6, 2009
In this paper, Czech and colleagues chose to target a particular type of cell in the immune system called a "macrophage," a type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris and responds to invading organisms by stimulating the immune response. Because macrophages control the inflammatory response in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis (a precursor to heart disease), they represent an attractive target for drug delivery ... To move short strands of RNA into... (Science Daily)
Older Men More Likely Than Women To Die After Pneumonia May 1, 2009
Yende and Angus found that people with certain gene variations associated with higher levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, an innate immune response regulator, were less likely to die following CAP.. "Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a molecule that plays an important role in inflammation and has been shown to worsen outcomes in animal models of sepsis. Our results are intriguing in light of these findings and as other research groups are trying to design human studies to... (Science Daily)
Doctors Urge Precaution to Shield Against Swine Flu Apr 29, 2009
Clinical trials have shown that AHCC reliably helps to support NK cell activity in people with low NK cell function, improving the coordination of many aspects of immune response, including the interaction of dendritic macrophage cells, T-cells and B-cells, resulting in improved health. The benefit of AHCC's NK Cell supporting effect, and its role in defense against influenza was explored in a study in mice conducted at Philadelphia's Drexel University and published in Journal of Nutrition,... (PR Newswire)
New Target For Maintaining Healthy Blood Pressure Discovered Apr 29, 2009
However, it was absent in the muscle surrounding the aorta, in the atherosclerotic lesions of mice with their PGF2 receptors knocked out, as well as in the macrophages that inhabit those lesions. Importantly, these atherosclerotic lesions were smaller and less abundant in mice that had both the low-density lipoprotein and PGF2 receptors knocked out, as was macrophage infiltration and inflammatory cytokine production, both of which are indicators of the inflammatory response that marks these... (Science Daily)
Tuberculosis is forgotten, but not gone Apr 29, 2009
Normally a bacterium which enters the lungs will be swallowed by macrophages, one type of immune cell, and attacked by others. TB can resist this by modifying the macrophage to prevent its own destruction ... As a result, the TB containing macrophages and other immune cells form clumps in the lungs called granulomas. (Racine Journal Times, WI)
New study overturns orthodoxy on how macrophages kill bacteria Apr 28, 2009
For decades, microbiologists assumed that macrophages, immune cells that can engulf and poison bacteria and other pathogens, killed microbes by damaging their DNA. A new study from the University of Illinois disproves that. The study, published in the journal PLoS ONE, shows that macrophages focus their most potent poisons, known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), on targets outside the cytoplasm ... Macrophages are voracious eaters that "swallow" cellular debris and invading organisms. (EurekAlert!)
Fat-derived Inflammatory Factor May Explain Diseases That Come With Obesity Apr 14, 2009
The chemokine is expressed at high levels in WAT, particularly in immune cells known as macrophages ... One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. (Science Daily)
Too Much Protein, Eaten Along With Fat, May Lead To Insulin Resistance Apr 10, 2009
One reason for this is thought to be the chronic inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue that. (July 14, 2008) One of the characteristics of type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance, which refers to the inability of cells in the body to respond appropriately to the hormone insulin. (Science Daily)
New Test May Predict Spread Of Breast Cancer Apr 2, 2009
Recently, Dr. Condeelis found that breast cancer spreads only when a specific trio of cells are present together in the same microanatomic site: an endothelial cell (a type of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces Mena ... Metastasis requires the presence of three cells in the same microanatomic site: a tumor cell that produces the protein MENA; a macrophage (cells that guide tumor cells to... (Science Daily)
Compounds Protect Against Cerebral Palsy Feb 28, 2009
In developing the potential drugs, Silverman and his team were able to produce something that pharmaceutical companies so far have not: highly selective compounds that inhibit the enzyme found in brain cells that produces nitric oxide but that do not affect similar nitric oxide-producing enzymes found in endothelial and macrophage cells. Endothelial cells regulate blood pressure, and macrophage cells play an important role in the immune system ... Silverman and his team started with a molecule... (Science Daily)
Indicator Found That Warns Leukemia Is Progressing To More Dangerous Form Feb 25, 2009
This stage is characterized by the over-production of beta-catenin in white blood cells called granulocyte macrophage progenitors (GMP) in effect, leukemia stem cells. According to Jamieson, a major roadblock in predicting and stopping the conversion of chronic CML to blast crisis stage was the failure to understand what turned on beta-catenin. (Science Daily)
New test may help to ensure that dengue vaccines do no harm Feb 13, 2009
The Fc is designed to bind to proteins called the Fc receptors on the surfaces of macrophages, immune cells that roam the bloodstream seeking to engulf and "dissolve" viruses and bacteria. Coated with Fc receptors, macrophages constantly stick to the Fc end of antibodies, which brings whatever the antibody has locked onto into close contact with the cells capable of destroying it ... In most people infected with their first dengue serotype, antibodies bind tightly to the viral surface and escort... (EurekAlert!)
